Overview
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a non-invasive technique that measures brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow. The BOLD contrast is based on the different magnetic properties of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, allowing researchers to map brain activity. fMRI has been used to study a wide range of topics, including cognitive development, neurological disorders, and mental health. The technique has been used in neurofeedback training, allowing individuals to control their brain activity and improve cognitive function. However, fMRI data is often corrupted by noise from various sources, including motion artifacts, physiological noise, and instrumentation noise.